Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants use the sun's light energy to convert basic metabolites` water, carbon dioxide, and trace minerals into simp
B. inggris
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Pertanyaan
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants use the sun's light energy to convert basic metabolites` water, carbon dioxide, and trace minerals into simple sugars. The process of photosynthesis occurs in the mesophyll cells of green leaves, inside tiny, disk-shaped organelles called chloroplasts, which are filled with light-reactive pigments. The primary photosynthesizing pigment is chlorophyll; however, yellow and orange caretenoids also play a significant role in photosynthesis.
Light itself is the primary limiting factor of photosynthesis: too much light decreases photosynthetic activity and insufficient light fails to activate the reaction centers of the chlorophyll. Chloroplasts respond to the specific light needs of the plant by moving about within the cytoplasm, or fluid of the leaf cells, to reposition themselves at an optimal angle to the sun. When the sun is intense, they turn up on their edges, thus minimizing the direct impact of solar radiation. On overcast days, when there is not so much direct sunlight, chloroplasts rise to the top of the mesophyll cells and face the rays at 90-degree angles to gather as much light as possible. In lower-shade leaves, chloroplasts tend to be more spherical and evenly spaced throughout the cells in order to maximize absorption of diffused rays.
Though chlorophylls are efficient light-gathering pigments, caretenoids assist chlorophylls in photosynthesis. Caretenoid molecules boost photosynthesis energy levels by passing on their gathered photon energy to neighboring chorophyll reaction centers. More significantly, however, caretenoids help protect chlorophyll from irreparable solar damage. On bright days when the leaf is "pumped" full of light and heat energy, the caretenoids act as sponges, absorbing excess energy from the chlorophyll and dissipating it harmlessly, thus preventing the delicate chlorophyll from being scorched.
Terjemahan ?
Light itself is the primary limiting factor of photosynthesis: too much light decreases photosynthetic activity and insufficient light fails to activate the reaction centers of the chlorophyll. Chloroplasts respond to the specific light needs of the plant by moving about within the cytoplasm, or fluid of the leaf cells, to reposition themselves at an optimal angle to the sun. When the sun is intense, they turn up on their edges, thus minimizing the direct impact of solar radiation. On overcast days, when there is not so much direct sunlight, chloroplasts rise to the top of the mesophyll cells and face the rays at 90-degree angles to gather as much light as possible. In lower-shade leaves, chloroplasts tend to be more spherical and evenly spaced throughout the cells in order to maximize absorption of diffused rays.
Though chlorophylls are efficient light-gathering pigments, caretenoids assist chlorophylls in photosynthesis. Caretenoid molecules boost photosynthesis energy levels by passing on their gathered photon energy to neighboring chorophyll reaction centers. More significantly, however, caretenoids help protect chlorophyll from irreparable solar damage. On bright days when the leaf is "pumped" full of light and heat energy, the caretenoids act as sponges, absorbing excess energy from the chlorophyll and dissipating it harmlessly, thus preventing the delicate chlorophyll from being scorched.
Terjemahan ?
1 Jawaban
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1. Jawaban Tobias975
Fotosintesis adalah proses dimana tanaman hijau menggunakan energi cahaya matahari untuk mengubah metabolit dasar air, karbon dioksida, dan trace mineral menjadi gula sederhana. Proses fotosintesis terjadi pada sel mesofil daun hijau, di dalam organel berbentuk kecil berbentuk disk yang disebut kloroplas, yang dipenuhi dengan pigmen cahaya reaktif. Pigmen fotosintesis utama adalah klorofil; Namun, karnida kasar dan kuning juga memainkan peran penting dalam fotosintesis.Cahaya itu sendiri adalah faktor pembatas utama fotosintesis: terlalu banyak cahaya mengurangi aktivitas fotosintesis dan cahaya yang tidak mencukupi gagal untuk mengaktifkan pusat reaksi klorofil. Kloroplas merespons kebutuhan cahaya spesifik tanaman dengan bergerak di sekitar sitoplasma, atau cairan sel daun, untuk memposisikan diri pada sudut optimal ke sinar matahari. Saat matahari sedang intens, mereka muncul di tepinya, sehingga meminimalkan dampak langsung radiasi matahari. Pada hari yang mendung, bila tidak begitu banyak sinar matahari langsung, kloroplas naik ke puncak sel mesofil dan menghadap sinar pada sudut 90 derajat untuk mengumpulkan cahaya sebanyak mungkin. Pada daun yang lebih rendah, kloroplas cenderung lebih bulat dan merata di seluruh sel untuk memaksimalkan penyerapan sinar yang menyebar.Meskipun klorofil adalah pigmen pengumpulan cahaya yang efisien, caretenoids membantu klorofil dalam fotosintesis. Molekul karotenoid meningkatkan tingkat energi fotosintesis dengan melewatkan energi foton yang terkumpul ke pusat reaksi korofil tetangga. Namun, yang lebih penting, karsino membantu melindungi klorofil dari kerusakan matahari yang tidak dapat diperbaiki. Pada hari-hari cerah ketika daun "dipompa" penuh energi cahaya dan panas, karetonin bertindak sebagai spons, menyerap energi berlebih dari klorofil dan menghilangkannya tanpa bahaya, sehingga mencegah klorofil yang halus agar tidak hangus.